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1994-01-05
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EVANS ON CHESS April 30, 1993 By GM Larry Evans (Copyright)
REUBEN FINE (1914-1993)
Reuben Fine and his great rival Samuel Reshevsky died a year apart.
They dominated American chess until Bobby Fischer emerged in the 1950s.
In 1938 Fine and Keres tied for first at AVRO (named after the Dutch
radio station sponsoring the event) ahead of world champion Alekhine,
Botvinnik, Capablanca, Euwe, Flohr and Reshevsky. But the world war
changed everything.
"Keres and I should have been declared co-champions after the death of
Alekhine in 1946," said Fine, who declined to compete for the vacant
crown because of the Soviet propensity to fix games -- a charge echoed
by Fischer in years to come.
"FIDE was impotent in 1948; Soviet political organization was
stronger than the West," said Fine -- a charge echoed by Fischer when
he abdicated in 1975.
Fine's prose was lively and lucid. He penned such classics as IDEAS
BEHIND THE CHESS OPENINGS, BASIC CHESS ENDINGS, CHESS THE EASY WAY. In
those days there was no money in chess to support a family, and he
abandoned the awful transient life of a chess pro.
This writer had the pleasure of drawing twice with Fine at his last
outing in 1951. "After retiring from active play, I unexpedtedly
acquired a new career as a chess author," he noted in THE WORLD'S GREAT
CHESS GAMES, one of his 20 chess books plus several works on
psychology.
In 1948 he earned a doctorate in psychology and became an analyst. A
strict Freudian, Fine saw chess as an outlet for aggression where two
players trying to checkmate the enemy King are actually engaged in the
grimmer task of father-murder.
"The chess board as a whole may readily symbolize the family
situation," he theorized. "Pawns are like children who can grow up
(promote), but it is significant that they may not become King."
Russia's Mikhail Botvinnik won the title in 1948 and held it on and off
for 15 years with an overall match record of only 49%. In the thirties
Fine beat him once and drew twice. "My chief objective was always
precision, wherever that would take me," wrote Fine. "Prepared opening
variations are a most feared weapon; sometimes days of analysis are
required to find the right reply. In this game I had the satisfaction
of beating Botvinnik with one."
Fine's novelty was 5 dxc5 instead of the usual 5 a3. Black should try
11...Bd7! 12 Qxd4 Bxc3 13 Qxc3 Bxb5 14 Nd4 with equal chances.
At the end Black has no good defense to the threat of Rd7. If 31...Re7
32 Rxa4 Rxa4 33 Rd8. Or 31...Ra7 32 Rf3 Qe4 33 Nd7 Kh8 34. Rf7 Rg8 35
Ne5 wins.
White: REUBEN FINE Black: MIKHAIL BOTVINNIK French Defense,
Holland 1938 1 e4 e6 2 d4 d5 3 Nc3 Bb4 4 e5 c5 5 dxc5!? Ne7 6 Nf3 Nbc6
7 Bd3 d4 8 a3 Ba5 9 b4 Nxb4 10 axb4 Bxb4 11 Bb5 Nc6? 12 Bxc6 bxc6 13
Ra4! Bxc3 14 Bd2 f6 15 0-0 0-0 16 Bxc3 bxc3 17 Qe1 a5 18 Qxc3 Ba6 19
Rfa1 Bb4 20 Rd4! Qe7 21 Rd6 a4 22 Qe3 Ra7 23 Nd2 a3 24 c4 Ba4 25 exf6
Qxf6 26 Rxa3 Re8 27 h3 Raa8 28 Nf3 Qb2 29 Ne5 Qb1 30 Kh2 Qf5 31 Qg3
Black Resigns